| Name | Explanation | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| L | Initial of N.R.Lobanov | L-1 |
| La | Initials of Lavochkin Design Bureau; | La-5, La-15 |
| LB, LB-2LD | Light Bomber, Legkij Bombardirovschik, Light Bomber with 2 Lorraine-Dietrich engines) | LB-2LD |
| LEM | Initials of Lev Malinovskij | LEM-2, LEM-3 |
| LFI | Light front line fighter, Legkij Frontovoj Istrebitel | |
| LIG | Leningrad Institute for Civil Airfleet, Leningradskij Institute GVF | LIG-6 |
| LII | Flight Research Institute, Letno-Issledovatelskij Institute | See LII WEB Site, Zhukovsky and Gromov, Flight Research Institute named for M M Gromov, State Research Centre |
| LK | Leningrad Factory, Leningradskij Kombinat | LK-1 |
| LL | Flying Boat, Letauschaja Lodka | LL-143 |
| LL | Aircraft by Lushin and Lavochkin, Lushin-Lavochkin | LL Lushin-Lavochkin |
| LL | Flying Laboratory, Letauschaja Laboratorija | LL-1,-2,-3 |
| LM | Seaplane by V.A.Lebedev, Lebed Morskoj | LM-1 |
| LM | Aircraft by V.A.Lykoshkin and N.G.Mikhelson, Lykoshkin-Mikhelson | LM |
| LR | Light Recco, Legkij Razvedchik | LR |
| LSh | Light attack fighter, Legkij Shturmovik | LSh |
| LSh | Light Headquarter Liaison, Legkij Shtabnoj | U-5 LSh |
| LYaM | Aircraft built by M.G.Lerke, G.V.Yankovsky and F.E.Mosca. Designation built of the last names initials. | LYaM |